Erode is the biggest district of Tamil Nadu with an area of approximately 8,162 sq. [166] Major global automobile companies including BMW, Ford, Robert Bosch, Renault-Nissan, Caterpillar, Hyundai, Mitsubishi Motors, and Michelin as well as Indian automobile majors like Mahindra & Mahindra, Ashok Leyland, Eicher Motors, Isuzu Motors, TI cycles, Hindustan Motors, TVS Motors, Irizar-TVS, Royal Enfield, MRF, Apollo Tyres, TAFE Tractors, Daimler AG Company invested ₹4 billion for establishing a new plant in Tamil Nadu. [95] The city is one of the largest exporters of wet grinders and auto components and the term "Coimbatore Wet Grinder" has been given a Geographical indication. [17] About 60 per cent of the total epigraphical inscriptions found by the ASI in India are from Tamil Nadu, and most of these are in the Tamil language. Such a phenomenon is unheard of.’ The southernmost tip of the Indian Peninsula is Kanyakumari which is the meeting point of the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the Indian Ocean. It has now been converted into a joint venture of the governments of India and of Tamil Nadu with equal equity holding. Apart from the major festivals, in every village and town of Tamil Nadu, the inhabitants celebrate festivals for the local gods once a year and the time varies from place to place. There are a total of 23,166,721 households. [125] The term Kollywood is a blend of Kodambakkam and Hollywood. Tamil Nadu is the state in southeastern India, every district have its own administrative system and Deputy Commissioners to control and Development. Pongal, also called Tamizhar Thirunaal (festival of Tamils) or Makara Sankranti elsewhere in India, a four-day harvest festival is one of the most widely celebrated festivals throughout Tamil Nadu. The Nilgiri Mountain Railway, Brihadishwara Temple in Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram and the Airavatesvara Temple in Darasuram (Great Chola Temples) and the Shore Temple along with the collection of other monuments in Mamallapuram which have been declared as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.[221][222]. It is also known as the Arni Silk City. The state is home to a number of historic buildings, multi-religious pilgrimage sites, hill stations and three World Heritage sites.[8][9][10]. Arani is the newly created regional transport office in Thiruvannamalai district. Most of these festivals are related to the goddess Maariyamman, the mother goddess of the rain. The question is: Who made them? [152], Dr. M.S. The DMK decided to enter politics in 1956. The Nilgiri Mountain Railway (part of the Mountain Railways of India) is one of the UNESCO World Heritage Site connecting Ooty on the hills and Mettupalayam in the foothills which is in turn connected to Coimbatore. The top engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu have been a major recruiting hub for the IT firms. [84][85] The life expectancy at birth for males is 65.2 years and for females it is 67.6 years. Hundreds of leather and tannery facilities are located around Vellore and its nearby towns. [142] The per capita income in 2007–2008 for the state was ₹72,993 ranking third among states with a population over 10 million and has steadily been above the national average.[143]. [4] When India adopted national standards Tamil was the first language to be recognised as a classical language of India. Arani is known for its rich history - a Fort and few palaces, ancient Hindu temples and Jain centres stand today as a testimony. [79][80], At the 2011 India census, Tamil Nadu had a population of 72,147,030. It has many magnesite factories operated by private and public sectors such as Burn Standard & Co, Dalmia Magnesites and Tata Refractories, SAIL refractories[13] The Leigh Bazaar market in Salem is the biggest regional market for agro products. Madurai is Tamil Nadu’s third-largest city with a population of 1.7 million people. [15] The ASI archaeologists have proposed that the script used at that site, Tamil Brahmi, is "very rudimentary" and date it somewhere between the 5th century BCE and 3rd century BCE. Nawabs of the Carnatic bestowed tax revenue collection rights on the East India Company for defeating the Kingdom of Mysore. Nashik district is the third largest district in Maharashtra by area and population, Also known as Mini Maharashtra. [81] The total children under the age of 6 is 7,423,832. [103], Tamil written literature has existed for over 2,000 years. [39] In 1639, the British, under the East India Company, established a settlement further south of Pulicat, in present-day Chennai. The plant is continuously working to develop special grades for critical automotive applications[11][12]. Administratively the state is divided into 38 districts. 564, date: 02.04.1951, classified as Second Grade Municipality. The victorious British captured Arani. Much later, the Pallavas were replaced by the Chola dynasty as the dominant kingdom in the 9th century and they in turn were replaced by the Pandyan Dynasty in the 13th century. One of the basic limitations for improvement in education in the state is the rate of absence of teachers in public schools, which at 21.4 per cent is significant. Tamil Nadu is a land most known for its monumental ancient Hindu temples and classical form of dance Bharata Natyam. [147] Chennai Port is an artificial harbour situated on the Coromandel Coast and is the second principal port in the country for handling containers. [105][106] It is one of the oldest Indian literature amongst all others. The number of deaths at areas decreased from 1,053 in 2011 to 881 in 2012 and 867 in 2013.[183]. But till 1960s there were fewer than 5 spinning mills. [43] Thevar's prominent exploits were his confrontations with Marudhanayagam, who later rebelled against the British in the late 1750s and early 1760s. In and around Salem the yield of tapioca is about 25-30 T/ha, highest in the World. [116] The Tamil language saying Thai Pirandhal Vazhi Pirakkum – literally meaning, the birth of the month of Thai will pave way for new opportunities – is often quoted with reference to this festival. [182] The major road junctions are Chennai, Vellore, Madurai, Trichy, Coimbatore, Tiruppur, Salem, Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi, Karur, Kumbakonam, Krishnagiri, Dindigul and Kanniyakumari. In the legislative elections held in 2016, he belongs to the Anna dravida munnetra kazagam (AIDMK). [111] The Sangam literature also deals with human relations and emotions. Mariyappan Thangavelu (left most) - High jump, Joshna Chinappa and Dipika Pallikal - Squash. The state has a range of flora and fauna with many species and habitats. The SETC and TNSTC operates long-distance buses routes to the important cities. Natives are very kind and they still follow traditions and culture. Tamil Nadu covers an area of 130,058 km2 (50,216 sq mi), and is the tenth-largest state in India. [5] The district had a total of 915,967 households. [197] The total installed capacity of electricity in the state by January 2014 was 20,716 MW. This festival is also called Kumbamela of South.[120][121]. Modern-day Tamil Nadu was formed in 1956 after the reorganisation of states on linguistic lines. In 1972, M. G. Ramachandran founded the new Dravidian party All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) named after his political mentor C. N. Annadurai popularly called "Anna". It is one of the oldest cantilever bridges still in operation, the double-leaf bascule bridge section can be raised to let boats and small ships pass through the Palk Strait in the Indian Ocean. It has an average elevation of 151 metres (495 ft). [41] The office of mayoralty of Madras was established in 1688. The population of the districts in the State of Tamil Nadu by census years. The new infections pushed … Tamil Nadu also has golf ground in Coimbatore, The Coimbatore Golf Club is an 18-hole golf course located in Chettipalayam in Coimbatore, located within the city limits in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. Headquartered at Chennai, the Southern Railway network extends over a large area of India's southern peninsula, covering the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Puducherry, a small portion of Karnataka and a small portion of Andhra Pradesh. The city has a rapid growth rate of approximately 17.8%. The revenue Division was funded by the efforts of the Hindu Religious Affairs Minister, Mr. Sevur Ramachandran. Tamil Nadu has the country's third-longest coastline at about 906.9 km (563.5 mi). Tamil Nadu had the second largest number of poultry amongst all the states and accounted for 17.7 per cent of the total poultry population in India. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], A Neolithic stone celt (a hand-held axe) with the Indus script on it was discovered at Sembian-Kandiyur near Mayiladuthurai in Tamil Nadu. [5] A total of 344,960 were under the age of six, constituting 180,002 males and 164,958 females. [89], As per the religious census of 2011, Tamil Nadu had 87.58% Hindus, 6.12% Christians, 5.86% Muslims, 0.12% Jains and 0.3% following other religions or no religion. The total project area is 1130 acres and cost of the project is 1780 crores. [44] She was drawn to war after her husband Muthu Vaduganatha Thevar (1750–1772), King of Sivaganga was murdered at Kalayar Kovil temple by British. The Jagir was continuously headed by the descendants of Bhaskar Pant till the Zamindari Abolition Bill was passed in 1948.[11]. Salem district has many educational institutions including Government schools,Sona College of Technology(Autonomous),Thiagarajar Polytechnic College (Autonomous),Indian Institute of Hand loom Technology, Government Polytechnic college, Central law college,Sarada institutions, Mohan kumaramangalam college(Medical), private schools like St.paul's higher secondary school(Maravaneri),Malco Vidyalaya, Holy Angels', St.Johns, Cluny, Holy cross, Little Flower, St.Joseph Schools. Madurai is Tamil Nadu’s third-largest city with a population of 1.7 million people. Tamil Nadu borders Andhra Pradesh to its south, Karnataka to its southeast, and Kerala to its east. The governor is the constitutional head of the state while the Chief Minister is the head of the government and the head of the council of ministers. Other major Hindu festivals including Deepavali (Death of Narakasura), Ayudha Poojai, Saraswathi Poojai (Dasara), Krishna Jayanthi and Vinayaka Chathurthi are also celebrated. Swaminathan, known as the "father of the Indian Green Revolution" was from Tamil Nadu. Arni is located at 12°40′N 79°17′E / 12.67°N 79.28°E / 12.67; 79.28[3] on the banks of the Kamandala Naaga river. Puli Thevar was one of the earliest opponents of the British rule in South India. [148][better source needed] In terms of production, Tamil Nadu accounts for 10 per cent in fruits and 6 per cent in vegetables, in India. Arani is the number one in revenue earning in Tiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu. The affiliated body of AISECT under MCIT GoI: M/S MTECH Business Solutions (IT Training Division), is present in Arani. Tamil Nadu (Tamil: [ˈtamiɻ ˈnaːɽɯ] (listen)) is one of the 28 states of India. This article is about the district. Nearly 80% of the national demand for Sago and Starch is being met by the Sagoserv. The party was called after its English organ, Justice Party, by its opponents. [198] Tamil Nadu ranks first nationwide in diesel-based thermal electricity generation with a national market share of over 34 per cent. [217] The SDAT owns and operates world-class stadiums and organises sporting events. The climate of the state ranges from dry sub-humid to semi-arid. [110] Sangam literature is primarily secular, dealing with everyday themes in a Tamilakam context. This happened in the Times of Ramayanam. The state government owns Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers,[169] in Karur. The term length of the government is five years. Baillie-Ki-Paltan: Being a History of the 2nd Battalion, Madras Pioneers 1759-1930. Indus valley script between 2000 and 1500 BCE, Power struggles of the 18th century (1688–1802), Princely state of Pudukkottai (1680–1948 CE), Vellore Mutiny and Indian Rebellion (1801–1947 CE), K.A.N.